Magic

Thursday, October 05, 2017

Male Hypolimnas bolina at Baluran National Park, 2016

Richard Dawkins, in his book "Magic of Reality," distinguished three kinds of magic: supernatural magic, stage magic, and poetic magic. The latter, he defines as things that move us to tears; magical performance, scenery, and basically: things that are real. Real things become magic when we look deeper at them and start to ask why. For example, the blue moon butterfly, pictured above, that my partner and I found in Baluran National Park last year. I took a picture of it simply because it was beautiful and landed near me. But recently, I read that this butterfly has been just a case of "flash evolution" in Savai'i island, where it brings back its male population to balance after its significant drop due to the Wolbachia parasite. I call it flash because, at the beginning of 2016, 99% of the blue moon butterfly population were females, but at the end of the year, males made up 40%.


In his book's examples, Dawkins gave explanations for various things, mostly about natural phenomena. He started almost all the chapters with a myth about things, then he debunks it with science. I am easy to fall in awe of people who can popularize science easily. That is, science has the aim to explain things that we don't understand; the "we" does not only refer to "scientists." It also refers to common people, or maybe, people, who learn another thing that "we" do not learn. So it is always amazing for me every time I meet people who are doing it or have done it. The video above is an official MV for "Wildfire" from Seafret, which depicts a classical experiment from Arthur Aron, a psychologist who proves that by asking 36 questions that go from common things to more personal as those go, we can even fall in love with a stranger. Seafret MV is more interesting to see than reading the paper, of course (though I am not suggesting you only see the MV if you want to understand the experiment correctly), and at least can make people to google about the experiment.


Then comes the magic!

Every day I sit in my chair in the class (or in front of Youtube), listening to a professor talking about social psychology, I feel magic. The magic explains silly things around me, or things that made me mad, or break up with an ex. But I think the most classic magic in social psychology is conformity, which was brought to the surface by Solomon Asch, proving that people in a group could choose the wrong answer for the sake of following other people, even when the wrong answer was obviously wrong to the participant's eyes. The reality becomes two; the real reality and social reality. 


There has been a body of research that shows how we act differently in our social groups or context, even when it violates our morality. One of the magic of conformity in daily life is when we fake our laugh in social groups when the joke is not funny or do standing ovation even when we actually do not appreciate the presenter in front of us. In the video above, Jonah Berger, a social psychologist who specializes in social contagion, explains how it happens. Contagion - an extended phenomenon of conformity, also happens in social media. Berger also wrote a scientific paper about how content with stronger happy or angry emotions will spread more quickly than any other content.

But social psychology is open to new explanations and findings - as the usual science should be. Conformity theory has its flaws; it varies depending on culture, influential members, group size, and also, the minority who speaks up. Consider this; conformity happens and benefits the majority, and you are doing what majorities do basically because you do not want to be seen as weird and violating the social norm. But when a minority speaks up consistently, you start to think, "What happens? Why is this person consistently saying the opposite of majorities? Are the majorities doing wrong?" This thought starts to haunt you over and over, and you may change your opinion and then support the minority.

Social psychology is a toddler that starts to walk. It is starting to grab people's attention as a science because of its strict experimental, quantified, and replicable method. But I think the magic of it relies on several things; (1) how it researches daily things that we think are not scientific, (2) how it is open to any possible explanation or new questions, and (3) how some people succeed in making people understand about our own behavior in a way to make society better.

Science itself is magic. I hope I can bring that magic to you, someday.

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